In Hindustani classical music, there are two types of swaras: suddha and vikrita.
Suddha swaras are the seven basic notes of the Hindustani scale, which are represented by the letters Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni. Suddha swaras are pure, unadulterated notes that are not altered in any way.
Vikrita swaras are notes that have been altered from their pure form. There are two types of vikrita swaras:
- Komal swaras are flat notes. They are represented by a dash below the corresponding note letter. For example, Re- is a komal re.
- Teevra swaras are sharp notes. They are represented by a bar above the corresponding note letter. For example, Ma+ is a teevra ma.
The use of vikrita swaras is an important part of Hindustani classical music. They are used to create a variety of musical effects, such as mood, emotion, and ornamentation.
Here are some examples of how vikrita swaras are used in Hindustani classical music:
- Komal swaras are often used to create a sense of sadness or melancholy. For example, the raga Bhairavi uses komal re and komal dha to create a mood of deep introspection.
- Teevra swaras are often used to create a sense of excitement or energy. For example, the raga Kalyan uses teevra ma to create a sense of brightness and optimism.
Vikrita swaras can also be used to create ornamentation, such as gamaks and meends. For example, the raga Miyan ki Todi uses a variety of vikrita swaras to create a complex and nuanced melody.
The use of vikrita swaras is a complex and nuanced art form that requires years of training and practice to master. However, it is an essential part of Hindustani classical music and can be used to create a wide range of musical effects.
